Over the past few years, digital transformation has become a watchword for many businesses. In this new era defined by cloud computing, social media and mobile strategies, companies are pursuing new IT tools, and it is clear that the best use of tools require a disruption to operational procedures.

As companies seek success with new products and new customers; there are many areas that must be addressed in order to become a truly digital service provider. One of the critical success factors for service organizations is to understand how technical support, the backbone of customer satisfaction as well as customer retention is evolving with regards to technology adaption and workforce skills.

The direct impact of technology on business outcomes gives modern IT a two pronged approach – first is to focus on strategic efforts and the second being a continuation with the current tactical work. The backbone of the service organization is to build an appropriate team structure with multi faceted competencies. The nature of work is changing. With this change, we cannot accurately estimate the overall impact on job numbers but, onething is certain: technical skills will be in high demand. Even though job titles look familiar, it is important to understand how roles are changing in an environmentdefined by cloud computing, digital technologies and mobile devices.

The Four Pillars of a Functional IT Framework

However, before we discuss the workforce skill trends, let us first understand how technical support is evolving at a dramatically fast pace. Afunctional IT frameworkdescribesfour primary IT disciplines – Infrastructure, Development, Security and Data.

Infrastructure – The Infrastructure pillar is the bedrock of IT operations. With a broad reach and a long history, Infrastructure contains many of theroles most often associated with IT. At the core of this function, system administration and network operations take care of the back-office tasksthat have been part of IT since the mainframe era. However, today’s setup requires physical server maintenance,virtual system administration, network configuration, and storage planning.

These tasks, which have traditionally centered on ‘on-prem’ components still establish the foundation for the rest of the IT architecture. Interestingly, we are observing a growing importance of application implementation. While Infrastructure pillar is not directly responsible for application development, they are accoujtable for installing applications and keeping them running. This activity is very relevant as it alludes to a definite connection point between Infrastructure and Development.

Development – While Infrastructure focuses on hardware, Development centers on software. It is important to note that companies building software for external customers have separate product development teams. However, in times to come, there will clearly be an overlap between the software product teams and infrastructure and these two pillars work seamlessly to provide the best application for the end user.

Security – As technology needs become more complex and the digital stakes get higher, security is perhaps the most important pillar of any organization. Security most often begins as an off-shoot of Infrastructure, since the traditional security approach has been heavily focused on technology. The need for further specialization is driven by new layers of technical tools, business processes that establish secure practices.

Traditionally organizations have used firewall and antivirus as the means for securing their infrastructureand endpoint devices. However for digital organizations, this security perimeter is not sufficient as applications and data regularly travel outside the walls of the firewall. New tools such as DLP [Data Loss Prevention], IAM [Identity and Access Management], and SIEM [Security Information and Event Management] must be layered into operations along with firewall and antivirus, and security professionals need to shift their mindset from preventing all attacks to detecting the inevitable breach and acting quickly and decisively.

Data – As Security is an offshoot of Infrastructure, Data is an off shoot of Development. The skills and thinking needed in Development translate well to Data, where there is an abstract component of dealing with bits and bytes. The recent growth in the amount, veracity, velocity and variety of data that a company can manage has brought focus to certain specialized skills, but there is a foundation that must be built beforemoving to more advanced applications.

New age technical support competencies

These four pillars and their overlap has created a complex environment which requires rethinking the strategic and tactical competency development of a technical service function.

To the extent that hardware is still involved at the core of technical services at the first level of technical support, the responsibilities have definitely evolved in the past few years. From a PC running on Windows most originations have started utilizing other operating systems and smartphones heavily. In many cases enterprise application are accessed over cloud by employees and customers. Pure hardware repair is a passé as companies explore BYOD and utilize warranty support, but familiarity across multiple operating systems is needed as a basic step inensuring productivity. Beyond devices the first line of defense is now interacting with a complex back end system comprised of many components.

The four pillars mentioned above clearly alludes to the fact that service desks must befamiliar with all these areas in order to route issues to theproper experts. Networking knowledge is still a priority as connectivity is the one most important aspect of modern computing. High-profile back end approaches such as virtualization and cloud computing drive front end skills for properly troubleshooting application problems.

Storage options must be well understood for questions about data handling. Even as cloud computing and mobility change the overall nature of infrastructure, the connection between the backend and the front end remains a vital link for supporting a tech-driven workforce.

Development is perhaps the least likely destination for a pure play technical support organization, but the momentum behind DevOps is creating more overlap than ever between Infrastructure and Development, so a transition from tech support to software coding is quite visible in near future.

For many organizations, security posture is primarily determined by the implementation of technology such as firewalls and antivirus. As such, level one support often has knowledge of security tools that ensure end users are properly protecting corporate assets. However, Security is growing to encompass processes suchas regulatory compliance or risk management along withend user education. As companies develop new procedures,service desk responsibilities will likely evolve to incorporatethe relevant steps in secure operations.

The final IT pillar, Data, represents another stretch area for technical support functions. The support function has traditionally been ‘interrupt-driven’ : a problem is logged and it gets resolved. As businesses recognize the value of analytics, there is significant potential for support technicians to collect & analyze data. The patterns they find could highlight widespread issues or suggest efficiency improvements.

Along with the technical skills that help the first line of defense respond to diverse issues, there is a growing need for knowledge in operational procedures and project management. Expertise in IT service management, using a framework like ITIL or COBIT, is usually a first step for support technicians. This knowledge is necessary to formalize processes for a growing number of requests and to ensure that thoserequests are properly cataloged. Beyond these, project management skills come into play with increasing man-power experiencewho start to analyze the collected information and attack any systemic problems.

Out of all the changes happening across IT, the support desk role may be undergoing the most dramatic change. The required technical skills cover a broad range of topics, policies and procedures which are needed to handle a large number of requests and customer service is more important than ever. Whether the first line of support is managed in-house or outsourced, there is a growing need for well-rounded technicians to support digital strategy.

The field of information technology now attracts an accentuated focus than ever before, and businesses are struggling to understand the best approach for this ever changing environment. With new trends seeming to pop up on an annual basis, there is a rush to understand the implications of new innovation and the path forward from legacy architecture. The technology industry has become incredibly dynamic and complex, and a tactical approach to technology support quickly needs to become strategic or else, service providers will lose the plot against their customers whose business needs force them to get rapidly digitalized.

About the author

Pradipto Chakrabarty is the Regional Director, CompTIA, the voice of the world’s information technology industry. CompTIA is dedicated to advancing industry growth through its educational programs, professional certifications and public policy advocacy. You can view his profile here